gh3 epithelial like rat pituitary tumor cell line  (ATCC)

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Single-cell and spatial transcriptome analyses reveal tumor heterogeneity and immune remodeling involved in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor progression

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60028-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a CCK-8 cell viability assay of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cells treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 5 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. b Representative images of the wound healing assay, and ( c ) quantitative analysis of TtT/GF cells treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. d Transwell invasion assay and ( e ) quantitative analysis of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cells treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. f Immunofluorescence images of PitNET markers (SYN, SF1, FSH) in PitNET organoids from two independent patients ( n = 3 biological replicates). g Transwell invasion assay and ( h ) quantitative analysis of primary pituitary tumor cells cultured from two independent patients, treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. i Bright-field images illustrating representative phenotypes of three independently derived PitNET organoids from each of the two patients treated with OPN or PBS. Arrows indicate cell protrusions in PitNET organoids. j CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay of PitNET organoids treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. k Immunofluorescence images of Ki67 in PitNET organoids from two patients treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). For all panels, scale bar, 100 µm. Two-sided unpaired t -test was performed for ( a − j ). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD for ( a − j ). Source data are provided as a Source Data file for ( a − j ).

Article Snippet: The pituitary tumor cell line TtT/GF(Procell, CL-0561) is cultured in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% horse serum, 2.5% FBS, 2 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Procell, CM-0561).

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Viability Assay, Wound Healing Assay, Transwell Invasion Assay, Immunofluorescence, Cell Culture, Derivative Assay, Cell Viability Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Single-cell and spatial transcriptome analyses reveal tumor heterogeneity and immune remodeling involved in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor progression

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60028-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Western blot analysis of ITGB1 expression in GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines. b Semi-quantitative analysis of ITGB1 in GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines ( n = 3 biological replicates). c CCK-8 cell viability assay of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines under specified treatments ( n = 3 biological replicates). d Transwell invasion assay of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines under specified treatments ( n = 3 biological replicates). e Quantitative analysis of Transwell invasion assay in GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines under specified treatments ( n = 3 biological replicates). Scale bar, 100 µm. Two-sided unpaired t -test was performed for ( b − e ). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD for ( b − e ). Source data are provided as a Source Data file for ( a − e ).

Article Snippet: The pituitary tumor cell line TtT/GF(Procell, CL-0561) is cultured in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% horse serum, 2.5% FBS, 2 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Procell, CM-0561).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, CCK-8 Assay, Viability Assay, Transwell Invasion Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Single-cell and spatial transcriptome analyses reveal tumor heterogeneity and immune remodeling involved in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor progression

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60028-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a CCK-8 cell viability assay of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cells treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 5 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. b Representative images of the wound healing assay, and ( c ) quantitative analysis of TtT/GF cells treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. d Transwell invasion assay and ( e ) quantitative analysis of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cells treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. f Immunofluorescence images of PitNET markers (SYN, SF1, FSH) in PitNET organoids from two independent patients ( n = 3 biological replicates). g Transwell invasion assay and ( h ) quantitative analysis of primary pituitary tumor cells cultured from two independent patients, treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. i Bright-field images illustrating representative phenotypes of three independently derived PitNET organoids from each of the two patients treated with OPN or PBS. Arrows indicate cell protrusions in PitNET organoids. j CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay of PitNET organoids treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD. k Immunofluorescence images of Ki67 in PitNET organoids from two patients treated with OPN or PBS ( n = 3 biological replicates). For all panels, scale bar, 100 µm. Two-sided unpaired t -test was performed for ( a − j ). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD for ( a − j ). Source data are provided as a Source Data file for ( a − j ).

Article Snippet: Pituitary tumor cell lines AtT-20(ATCC, CRL-1795), GH3(ATCC, CCL-82.1) were cultured in DMEM (ThermoFisher, 11995065) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (ThermoFisher, 10270106) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (ThermoFisher, 15070063) under standard conditions of 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Viability Assay, Wound Healing Assay, Transwell Invasion Assay, Immunofluorescence, Cell Culture, Derivative Assay, Cell Viability Assay

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Single-cell and spatial transcriptome analyses reveal tumor heterogeneity and immune remodeling involved in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor progression

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60028-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Western blot analysis of ITGB1 expression in GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines. b Semi-quantitative analysis of ITGB1 in GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines ( n = 3 biological replicates). c CCK-8 cell viability assay of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines under specified treatments ( n = 3 biological replicates). d Transwell invasion assay of GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines under specified treatments ( n = 3 biological replicates). e Quantitative analysis of Transwell invasion assay in GH3, AtT-20, and TtT/GF cell lines under specified treatments ( n = 3 biological replicates). Scale bar, 100 µm. Two-sided unpaired t -test was performed for ( b − e ). Data are presented as mean values +/- SD for ( b − e ). Source data are provided as a Source Data file for ( a − e ).

Article Snippet: Pituitary tumor cell lines AtT-20(ATCC, CRL-1795), GH3(ATCC, CCL-82.1) were cultured in DMEM (ThermoFisher, 11995065) medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (ThermoFisher, 10270106) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (ThermoFisher, 15070063) under standard conditions of 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, CCK-8 Assay, Viability Assay, Transwell Invasion Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Wogonin inhibits the proliferation of prolactinoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1546285

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of wogonin on cell viability and colony formation: GH3 cell (A) and MMQ cell (B) survival was determined by the CCK-8 assay (C) . GH3 cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 30, 60 and 120 μM (D) . The statistical graph of the result of the colony formation. (****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.005, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, Except for * on the n-zig-zag line, all other * indicate comparisons with the control group).

Article Snippet: Rat pituitary tumor cell lines MMQ and GH3 were procured from Wuhan Procell Life Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Wogonin inhibits the proliferation of prolactinoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1546285

Figure Lengend Snippet: Protein expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT expression in prolactinoma cells were detected by Western blot. GAPDH was used as an internal control. n = 5/group: (A) . GH3 cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 30, 60 and 120 μM for 72 h (B) . Statistical graph of Western blot results of GH3 cells (C) . MMQ cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 200 μM for 72 h (D) . Statistical graph of Western blot results of MMQ cells. (**p < 0.01, *p < 0.05. Except for * on the n-zig-zag line, all other * indicate comparisons with the control group).

Article Snippet: Rat pituitary tumor cell lines MMQ and GH3 were procured from Wuhan Procell Life Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Wogonin inhibits the proliferation of prolactinoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1546285

Figure Lengend Snippet: Protein expression levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 expression in prolactinoma cells were detected by Western blot. GAPDH was used as an internal control. n = 5/group: (A) . GH3 cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 30, 60 and 120 μM for 72 h (B) . Statistical graph of Western blot results of GH3 cells (C) . MMQ cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 200 μM for 72 h (D) . Statistical graph of Western blot results of MMQ cells. (**p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, Except for * on the n-zig-zag line, all other * indicate comparisons with the control group).

Article Snippet: Rat pituitary tumor cell lines MMQ and GH3 were procured from Wuhan Procell Life Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Wogonin inhibits the proliferation of prolactinoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1546285

Figure Lengend Snippet: Levels of PRL secretion under wogonin treatment in prolactinoma cells: (A) . GH3 cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 30, 60 and 120 μM for 72 h (B) . MMQ cells were treated with wogonin at concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 200 μM for 72 h (*p < 0.05, all * indicate comparisons with the control group, ns means no significance).

Article Snippet: Rat pituitary tumor cell lines MMQ and GH3 were procured from Wuhan Procell Life Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Control